Calcium hydroxide, also known as slaked lime or hydrated lime, is a widely used chemical compound with numerous applications in various industries. Understanding its safety profile is crucial for anyone handling or working with this substance. This safety data sheet (SDS) provides comprehensive information on the hazards, handling, storage, and emergency response procedures associated with calcium hydroxide.
What is Calcium Hydroxide?
Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) is a white, crystalline powder that is slightly soluble in water. It's an alkaline substance, meaning it has a high pH, and this property underpins many of its uses. Common applications include:
- Construction: Used in mortar, plaster, and concrete to enhance strength and workability.
- Agriculture: Applied to neutralize acidic soils and improve crop yields.
- Water treatment: Used to adjust the pH of water and remove impurities.
- Food industry: Used as a food additive (E526) in some products.
- Chemical processing: Used in various chemical reactions and processes.
Hazards of Calcium Hydroxide
While generally considered less hazardous than some other chemicals, calcium hydroxide still poses certain risks if not handled properly. The primary hazards are:
- Skin and eye irritation: Contact with skin or eyes can cause burning, redness, and pain. Prolonged or intense exposure can lead to more severe damage.
- Respiratory irritation: Inhalation of calcium hydroxide dust can irritate the respiratory tract, causing coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath.
- Ingestion: Ingesting calcium hydroxide can cause severe irritation to the mouth, throat, and digestive system, potentially leading to burns and other serious health problems.
H2: What are the first aid measures for calcium hydroxide exposure?
In case of skin contact, immediately flush the affected area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing. For eye contact, gently flush the eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open. Seek medical attention if irritation persists. If inhaled, move the person to fresh air. If ingested, do NOT induce vomiting. Give the person water to drink and seek immediate medical attention.
H2: What are the long-term effects of exposure to calcium hydroxide?
Prolonged or repeated exposure to calcium hydroxide dust can lead to chronic respiratory problems, such as bronchitis. Skin exposure can cause dryness, cracking, and dermatitis. The long-term effects depend on the concentration and duration of exposure. Regular health checkups are advised for individuals regularly exposed to calcium hydroxide.
H2: What are the safe handling practices for calcium hydroxide?
Always wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, eye protection, and a dust mask, when handling calcium hydroxide. Work in a well-ventilated area to minimize dust inhalation. Avoid skin contact and ingestion. Use appropriate handling tools and avoid generating excessive dust. Proper hygiene practices, like washing hands thoroughly after handling, are crucial.
H2: How should calcium hydroxide be stored?
Store calcium hydroxide in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from incompatible materials. Keep the container tightly closed to prevent moisture absorption and dust generation. Clearly label the container with the appropriate hazard warnings.
H2: What are the emergency procedures in case of a calcium hydroxide spill?
In case of a spill, evacuate the area and prevent further spreading. Wear appropriate PPE before cleaning up the spill. Sweep up the spilled material and dispose of it according to local regulations. Neutralize any remaining residue with a dilute acid, such as acetic acid (vinegar), but exercise caution and follow safety guidelines. Notify appropriate authorities if necessary.
Regulatory Information
This safety data sheet complies with relevant regulations and guidelines. Always refer to local and national regulations for specific requirements. This information is for guidance only and does not constitute a comprehensive legal document.
Disclaimer: This information is intended for educational purposes only and should not be considered a substitute for professional advice. Always consult the relevant SDS provided by the manufacturer for the most accurate and up-to-date safety information specific to the product you are using.
