What Does a Bruised Gum Look Like?
A bruised gum, also known as a gum hematoma, might not look dramatically different at first glance, but there are several telltale signs to watch out for. Unlike a cut or abrasion, a bruise is an injury beneath the surface, so the outward appearance can be subtle. Understanding what to look for is crucial for proper diagnosis and treatment.
What are the visual signs of a bruised gum?
The most common visual indicator is discoloration. You might notice a darkened area on your gum, ranging from a purplish-blue to a deep reddish hue. The intensity of the color can vary depending on the severity of the injury. The discoloration may be localized to a small spot or spread across a larger area of the gum tissue. It's important to remember that the color change might not be immediate; it can take a few hours or even a day to become fully apparent.
In addition to discoloration, you might also observe some swelling. The bruised area may appear slightly raised or puffy compared to the surrounding gum tissue. This swelling is a result of the blood accumulating under the gum surface. The degree of swelling can vary, and in some cases, it might be minimal.
What other symptoms accompany a bruised gum?
Beyond the visual signs, a bruised gum often presents with other symptoms:
- Pain: This is typically the first and most noticeable symptom. The pain can range from mild tenderness to severe throbbing, depending on the severity of the injury.
- Sensitivity: Your gums may become sensitive to temperature changes (hot or cold foods and drinks) or touch.
- Bleeding: While not always present, minor bleeding may occur at the site of the bruise. This is especially true if the injury involved a small tear in the gum tissue.
How is a bruised gum different from other gum injuries?
It's important to distinguish a bruised gum from other potential gum problems. Unlike a cut or laceration, which involves an open wound, a bruise is a closed injury with blood trapped beneath the surface. A gum infection (gingivitis or periodontitis) will present with redness, swelling, and often pus, along with potential bad breath. An ulcer, on the other hand, is an open sore that typically feels painful and may be accompanied by bleeding.
What causes a bruised gum?
Bruised gums are usually the result of trauma to the gums. This could be from:
- Accidental biting: This is a common cause, especially involving the inside of the cheek or lip.
- Dental procedures: While rare, sometimes minor trauma can occur during dental procedures.
- Sports injuries: A blow to the mouth during contact sports can result in a bruised gum.
- Poorly fitting dentures: Ill-fitting dentures can irritate and bruise the gums over time.
When should I see a dentist about a bruised gum?
While many bruised gums heal on their own, it's always best to consult a dentist if:
- The pain is severe or persistent.
- There is significant swelling.
- You experience prolonged bleeding.
- The discoloration doesn't improve within a few days.
- You suspect an underlying infection.
A dentist can accurately diagnose the injury and ensure there's no underlying complication. They can also provide advice on managing pain and promoting healing.
Disclaimer: This information is intended for educational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional for any health concerns or before making any decisions related to your health or treatment.
